Scientific Journal of Governance and Accountability (SINGA)

The Principal as Instructional Leader: The Role of Academic Supervision in Strengthening the Performance of Elementary School Teachers

Dede Ginanjar — 2026-06-26

Principals play a strategic role as instructional leaders in ensuring the quality of learning in elementary schools through academic supervision. However, the implementation of academic supervision is often not optimal in supporting the improvement of teachers' competence and performance. This study aims to analyze the role of principals' academic supervision in strengthening the performance of elementary school teachers based on findings from previous scientific literature. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method through searching and analyzing secondary sources in the form of books, journal articles, and related policy documents. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques through the processes of identification, categorization, and thematic interpretation. The results of the study indicate that the principal, as an instructional leader, plays an important role in teacher professional development through academic supervision that is systematically designed, mentoring-oriented, and collaborative in nature. Effective academic supervision has been proven to improve teachers' pedagogical abilities, professionalism, and work responsibility, which has an impact on improving the quality of learning and student learning outcomes. Thus, academic supervision is a strategic instrument for principals in strengthening teacher performance and the quality of education in elementary schools.

The Nature of Humanity and Education: A Critical Pedagogical Literature Review on the Nature of Humanity as Homo Educator

Fitri Dwi Indriyani — 2026-06-26

-Humans are beings with the potential to develop through the process of education. From a critical pedagogical perspective, humans are not merely viewed as objects of education, but also as active subjects capable of shaping consciousness, culture, and civilization. This study aims to examine the nature of humans as homo educator through a literature review approach. This study discusses the concept of human nature according to several figures in education and philosophy, its implementation in education in Indonesia, as well as the roles of teachers and students as learners. The research method used is a literature review, analyzing various books, scientific journals, and academic documents related to the philosophy of education and critical pedagogy. The results of the study indicate that humans, as homo educator, possess the ability to educate and be educated simultaneously. Indonesian education needs to develop humanistic, dialogic, and critical approaches so that students can become free, reflective, and principled individuals. Teachers serve as facilitators of learning, while students are active agents who construct knowledge through experience and social interaction

Strategies for Developing Horticultural Potential in Palasari Village, Subang Regency

Widia Sri Utami — 2026-06-26

The study aims to develop a horticulture development strategy for Palasari Village, Subang Regency. Palasari Village is an area with considerable potential for horticultural agriculture. However, the development of horticultural potential in Palasari Village still faces various obstacles and challenges. Problems frequently faced by farmers include limited business capital, low access to modern agricultural technology, fluctuations in crop prices, suboptimal marketing systems, and limited post-harvest processing capabilities. Additionally, reliance on the sale of fresh produce results in relatively low added value for agricultural products. The research method employed was purposive sampling through interviews using the Focus Group Discussion technique. The analysis employed the SWOT analysis method, which identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The respondents consisted of 30 individuals engaged in horticultural farming. The research results indicate that the horticultural development strategy in Quadrant I is located at the point (0.982; 0.441). This strategy necessitates the development of an approach that leverages all internal strengths to seize and optimize available opportunities.

Osamu (Olah SampahMu) Incinerator: A Smart Technology Solution for a Green and Sustainable Future

Rijal Fatahidin — 2026-06-26

This study is motivated by the prevailing view that waste disposal technology is crucial for addressing the waste crisis, reducing air pollution (carbon emissions), and supporting environmental sustainability. Given the importance of these issues, there is a need for environmentally friendly waste disposal technology that integrates automation and achieves fuel efficiency. In conventional methods, the waste disposal process carried out by machines remains heavily reliant on fuel and production cost efficiency. The drawbacks of using such methods include exhaust gas emissions that still contain particulates and pollutants, as well as ash processing systems that are still performed manually, resulting in inefficiency. The objective of this research is the use of the Osamu Incinerator (Environmentally Friendly Waste Disposal Technology). It is expected that the waste disposal results, particularly the environmentally friendly incinerator system, stable combustion system, multi-stage exhaust gas treatment system, and continuous exhaust gas emission monitoring system, will be achieved. Thus, the results of this research will enable the effective disposal of solid waste with controlled emission levels that meet applicable environmental standards..

Analysis of Effectiveness, Equity, and Capability in the Implementation of the Free Education Policy in Subang Regency, Academic Year 2024–2025

Dwi Scativana — 2026-06-26

Abstract
This research aims to analyze the effectiveness, equity, and capability development in the implementation of the free education policy in Subang Regency during the 2024–2025 academic year. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using literature review and secondary data analysis sourced from Dapodik, BPS, the Subang Regency Education Office, as well as policy documents and BOS/BOSDA (School Operational Assistance Fund/Regional) reports. The analysis was conducted through thematic synthesis, content analysis, and source triangulation to ensure data validity and consistency. The results indicate that the free education policy successfully increased educational access, as shown by the rise in the Net Enrollment Rate (NER/APM) for Primary School (SD) from 98.6% to 99.3% and for Junior High School (SMP) from 95.4% to 97.3%, along with a decrease in the Dropout Rate (DOR/APS) at both levels. However, equity in educational quality still faces serious challenges, particularly in the distribution of certified teachers, the availability of infrastructure, and the digital divide across regions. The Education Equity Index (EEI/IPE) of 0.82 indicates medium-to-high equity, yet significant disparities persist between the northern–urban and southern–rural areas. Within the framework of Rawls’ Social Justice (1971), Sen’s Capability Approach (1999), and Dunn’s Policy Evaluation (2018), these findings indicate that the free education policy in Subang has achieved equality of access but has not yet reached equity of outcomes. Facility limitations, teacher distribution, and digitalization restrict students' ability to develop their potential. The study recommends four main policy directions: (1) redistribution of certified teachers and continuous training; (2) spatial-based equity in educational facilities; (3) increasing the digital literacy of teachers and students; and (4) integration of a transparent digital-based BOS reporting system. With this strategy, the free education policy in Subang is expected not only to expand access but also to realize social justice and human capability in the digital era.
Keywords: free education policy, education equity, capability, social justice, Subang

Skill Mismatch and Local Labor Absorption in the Context of Industrialization: Evidence from Subang Regency, Indonesia

Khoirul Anam Anam — 2026-06-26

This study aims to analyze skill mismatch and local labor absorption in the context of industrialization in Subang Regency. The main issue addressed is the suboptimal absorption of local labor despite increasing investment and industrial sector development. This study employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive-analytical method and utilizes secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics, international institutional reports, and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate a significant skill mismatch between local workers and industrial demands. High unemployment, particularly among youth, is influenced by the mismatch between graduates’ competencies and labor market requirements, as well as weak school-to-work transition processes. In addition, industrialization in Subang exhibits characteristics of jobless growth, where economic expansion is not accompanied by proportional employment absorption. This study highlights that the success of industrialization depends on the quality of local human resources. Therefore, integrated policy interventions are required, including strengthening industry-based vocational training, improving the alignment between education and the labor market, and enhancing access to labor market information.

Sorghum-Based Complete Feed Innovation for Sustainable Livestock Development

Desty Sulistyowati, SP., M.Si — 2026-06-26

Subang Regency, located in West Java, Indonesia, possesses considerable potential for the development of a sustainable livestock feed industry, supported by abundant forage resources and strong community engagement in ruminant livestock farming. A key challenge in this development lies in optimizing local resources and traditional knowledge through livestock business area programs to enhance productivity. Strategic and sustained efforts are essential to improve efficiency and output in beef cattle production, with high-quality feed serving as a critical input. This study highlights Sorghum bicolor as a promising alternative forage crop due to its high nutritional value, adaptability to marginal soils, and resilience to drought. Utilizing a collaborative model involving the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PT Dahana, and local academic institutions, sorghum cultivation has been integrated into community-based innovation initiatives. The findings indicate that sorghum-based complete feed systems are both technically and economically feasible, presenting a strategic opportunity to enhance livestock productivity, improve rural livelihoods, and support national objectives for feed and food diversification.

An Ensemble Based Framework for Loan Default Prediction with Bias Mitigation and Explainability

Ruchi Yeram — 2026-06-26

With some 190 million adults in India classified as credit - invisible, the country's formal lending institutions systematically ignore this group from formal retail loans. Existing single-model deployments rely exclusively on historical credit bureau data, failing to accommodate alternative behavioral metrics. More critically, these models operate on the assumption that historical training labels accurately reflect default risk. In this paper, we identify and mathematically quantify a severe "policy-label inversion" in a dataset of 51,336 Indian retail banking records. We demonstrate that historically rejected applicants exhibit a median credit score 30 points higher than approved applicants (p- value = < 2.2e-16) proving that risk-naive algorithms memorize commercial targeting policies rather than genuine credit risk. To address this embedded bias and the thin-file exclusion problem simultaneously, we propose a dual-model architecture. Bureau - history applicants are assessed by an ensemble with three layers. It takes the outputs of a Random Forest and ExtraTrees and inputs it into a GradientBoosting classifier that functions as a meta - learner which itself inputs its output into a WoE Scorecard. Using such a stacked ensemble yields a Macro F1 score of 0.9858, reducing incorrect high - risk customers classified as low - risk by 95.7\% relative to its constituent base classifiers. First - time borrowers who don't have Bureau history are instead passed to an alternative data model that uses Reserve Bank of India Account Aggregator behavior features to achieve an ROC - AUC of 0.7581. Analyses of the fairness across gender show gender fairness. So, it turns out we can reach the levels of traditional discrimination capabilities with alternative data without the demographic unfairness that comes along with that.

Enhancing Economic Competitiveness Through Education: A Literature Review of Relevant Development Models

Auliau Rachman Zaman — 2026-06-26

Education is one of the key pillars in achieving sustainable and inclusive economic development. This article aims to critically examine the relationship between education and economic competitiveness through a literature review approach. The study analyzes various relevant development models such as the Endogenous Growth Model, Triple Helix Model, and Knowledge-Based Economy, while also comparing their implementation in countries that have successfully integrated education into their economic development strategies, including Finland, South Korea, and Singapore. This review summarizes key findings from studies conducted over the past decade, which demonstrate a positive correlation between quality education and economic growth. It also identifies enabling factors such as innovative policies, cross-sectoral collaboration, and the digitalization of education, alongside structural barriers such as unequal access and skills mismatch. The findings suggest that education not only improves human capital quality but also serves as a catalyst for building an innovation ecosystem that strengthens a nation's or region’s competitiveness. This article offers strategic policy recommendations for governments and stakeholders, including the need for education-business integration and curriculum adaptation in response to global and local economic dynamics. Moreover, it highlights the importance of further context-specific research, particularly at the regional level such as in Subang Regency, to ensure that education truly serves as a driver of economic development.