The Principal as Instructional Leader: The Role of Academic Supervision in Strengthening the Performance of Elementary School Teachers

Enhancing Teacher Effectiveness through Principals Academic Supervision

Abstract

Principals play a strategic role as instructional leaders in ensuring the quality of learning in elementary schools through academic supervision. However, the implementation of academic supervision is often not optimal in supporting the improvement of teachers' competence and performance. This study aims to analyze the role of principals' academic supervision in strengthening the performance of elementary school teachers based on findings from previous scientific literature. The research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method through searching and analyzing secondary sources in the form of books, journal articles, and related policy documents. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques through the processes of identification, categorization, and thematic interpretation. The results of the study indicate that the principal, as an instructional leader, plays an important role in teacher professional development through academic supervision that is systematically designed, mentoring-oriented, and collaborative in nature. Effective academic supervision has been proven to improve teachers' pedagogical abilities, professionalism, and work responsibility, which has an impact on improving the quality of learning and student learning outcomes. Thus, academic supervision is a strategic instrument for principals in strengthening teacher performance and the quality of education in elementary schools.